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Abbreviations and definitions
| Name | Description | Used on site |
|---|---|---|
| τHR | τHR is a constant used in the TREFF-model that represents the delay time in the cardiovascular response. | |
| Aerobic | In the context of the TREFF-model, aerobic refers to the process of generating energy in the presence of oxygen. It describes the part of the total energy demand in the muscle that is regenerated by the use of oxygen, which is measured by the amount of ATP usage | |
| Anaerobic | In the context of the TREFF-model, anaerobic refers to the process of generating energy without oxygen. It describes the part of the total energy demand in the muscle that is regenerated by the use of non-oxygen sources, which is measured by the amount of ATP usage | |
| Base Excess | Base excess (BE) is a measure of the amount of acid or base that would have to be added to the blood to restore the normal pH of 7.4 at a certain temperature and carbon dioxide pressure. It indicates the metabolic acid-base status of the body. A normal value is -2 to +2 mEq/L. A negative value means a base deficit, while a positive value means a base excess. | |
| Cardio Vascular response | Cardiovascular response refers to the physiological changes that occur in the cardiovascular system, which comprises the heart, blood vessels, and blood, in order to distribute oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues and remove waste products. | |
| Fatty acids | Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with long hydrocarbon chains. The chains can be either saturated (no double bonds between carbon atoms) or unsaturated (one or more double bonds between carbon atoms). Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, ranging from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are important components of lipids, which are fat-soluble molecules found in living cells. They serve as a source of fuel for the body and play a role in many cellular processes. | |
| Glycogen | Glycogen is a large, branched polysaccharide that is the main storage form of glucose in animals and humans. It serves as an important energy reservoir; when energy is required by the body, glycogen is broken down to glucose, which then enters the glycolytic or pentose phosphate pathway or is released into the bloodstream. | |
| Glycolyse | Glycolysis is a process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate and energy. | |
| HR | Your heart rate, or pulse, is the number of times your heart beats per minute. | |
| Oxidative Phosphorylation | Oxidative phosphorylation is the process of ATP formation when electrons are transferred by electron carriers from NADH or FADH2 to oxygen. It is the final step in cellular respiration and takes place in the mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation is made up of two closely connected components: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from one molecule to another, and energy released in these electron transfers is used to form an electrochemical gradient. In chemiosmosis, the energy stored in the gradient is used to make ATP. |
Literature and Links
| Autors | Name | Description | Taggs | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Mader | Glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation as a function of cytosolic phosphorylation state and power output of the muscle cell | Eur J Appl Physiol. 2003 Jan;88(4-5):317-38. doi: 10.1007/s00421-002-0676-3. | More Info | |
| A Mader, H Heck | A theory of the metabolic origin of 'anaerobic threshold' | Int J Sports Med. 1986 Jun; 7 Suppl 1:45 - 65. | More Info | |
| A. Mader | Die komponenten der Stoffwechselleistung in den leichtathletischen Ausdauerdisziplinen - Bedeutung fur die Wettkampfleistung und moglichkeiten zu ihrer bestimmung. | A very practical explanation about steady state metabolism. | More Info | |
| A.M.Jones, D.C. Poole | Oxygen uptake kinetics | The book provides a comprehensive description of VO2 kinetics, and the visuals I borrowed helped to enhance the clarity and effectiveness of my video. | More Info | |
| Alan W. Grogono | Acid Base tutorial | A tutorial website it was a verry interactive site in the past but the infromation about Acid base is verry clear and easy to understand. | More Info | |
| Brooks GA, Arevalo JA, Osmond AD, Leija RG, Curl CC, Tovar AP. | Lactate in contemporary biology: a phoenix risen. | J Physiol. 2022 Mar; 600(5):1229 - 1251.doi: 10.1113 / JP280955.Epub 2021 Feb 25.PMID: 33566386; PMCID: PMC9188361.o | More Info | |
| Hermann Heck, Ulrich Bartmus, Volker Grabow | Laktat: Stoffwechselgrundlagen, Leistungsdiagnostik, Trainingssteuerung | A German book about the theme of lactate that I reference in the video 'WhatIsTREFF'. | More Info | |
| J. Kofstad | All about base excess – to BE or not to BE | A blog post about Base Excess | More Info | |
| Kerry Brandis | Anaesthesia Education Website | a website that has an excelent tutorail babout Acid-Base Physiology. | More Info | |
| Prof. Dr. Petra Platen | Spomedial e.V. | a German website with learning contend about physiology. | More Info |
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